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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8.05 GLOSSARY installation drawings. Required Strength* Forces, stresses, and deformations produced in a structural component, determined by either structural analysis, for the LRFD or ASD load combinations, as appropriate, or as specified by Specification or Standard. Resistance Factor, Ψ Factor that accounts for unavoidable deviations of the nominal strength from the actual strength and for the manner and consequences of failure. Ridge The line formed by the joining of the top edges of two sloping roof surfaces. Safety Factor, Ω Factor that accounts for deviations of the actual strength from the nominal strength, deviations of the actual load from the nominal load, uncertainties in the analysis that transforms the load into a load effect and for the manner and consequences of failure. Secondary Bending The bending stress in a member caused by the deflection of the whole truss. Service Load Load under which serviceability limit states are evaluated. Shear Wall Wall that provides resistance to lateral loads in the plane of the wall and provides stability for the structural system. Shop Drawings Drawings for the production of individual component assemblies for the project. Slope (Pitch) The inches in vertical rise in 12 inches of horizontal run for inclined members, generally expressed as 3/12, 4/12, etc. Specialty Designer The individual or organization having responsibility for the design of the specialty items. This responsibility shall be in accordance with the state's statues and regulations governing the professional registration and certification of architects or engineers. Also referred to as component designer, specialty engineer, design engineer, registered engineer, and engineer, but hereinafter will be referred to as Specialty Designer. The requirement for a Specialty Designer is typically called out on architectural specifications or structural general notes. The Specialty Designer is typically not the Structural Engineer-of-Record. Specifications Written instructions, which, with the plans, define the materials, standards, design of the products, and workmanship expected on a construction project. Specified Minimum Yield Stress Lower limit of yield stress specified for a material as defined by ASTM Splice The point at which two chord members of the same slope are joined together to form a single member. Static Load A load or series of loads that are supported by, or are applied to, a structure so gradually that forces caused by change in momentum of the load and structural elements can be neglected and all parts of the system at any instant are essentially in equilibrium. Strain The geometrical expression of deformation caused by the action of stress on a physical body. Stress A unit force working within a member, usually expressed in pounds per square inch (psi). Strongback A load distribution member typically used in a floor truss system and installed perpendicular through the trusses. Structural Analysis Determination of load effects on members and connections based on principles of structural mechanics. Structural Component Member, connector, connecting element or assemblage. Structural Engineer-of-Record The design professional who is responsible for sealing the contract documents, which indicates that he or she has performed or supervised the analysis, design and document preparation for the structure and has knowledge of the requirements for the load carrying structural system. Structural Sheathing The covering (e.g., plywood, oriented strand board or steel deck) used directly over structural members (e.g., joists) to distribute loads, brace walls, and generally strengthen the assembly. Sub-Contractor The individual or organization with whom a contractor has contracted to furnishl and/or install a portion of the project. Tensile Strength (of material) See Ultimate Strength. Top Chord An inclined or horizontal member that establishes the upper edge of a truss. Truss A coplanar system of structural members joined together at their ends usually to construct a series of triangles that form a stable beam-like framework. Truss Designer Also referred to as truss engineer, design engineer and registered engineer, is an individual or organization responsible for the design of cold-formed steel trusses. Truss Manufacturer An individual or organization engaged in the manufacturing of site-built or in-plant trusses. Also called the Truss Fabricator. Unbalanced Load Live loads that are applied non-uniformly across the span of the truss. This type of loading is required by most building codes. Ultimate Strength (Fu) The property of steel associated with the maximum stress that can be developed prior to rupture. Also known as tensile strength. Uniform Load A total load that is equally distributed over a given length, usually expressed in pounds per square foot (psf). Valley A depression in a roof where two roof slopes meet. Valley Set A group of trusses required to fill in a section of a roof. Valley trusses generally have only vertical webs and are supported on top of other trusses. ENGINEERED BY ALPINE R E F E R E N C E S / R E S O U R C E S