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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8.03 GLOSSARY Connection Combination of structural elements and joints used to transmit forces between two or more members. Construction Manager The individual or organization designated by the owner to issue contracts for the construction of the project and to purchase products. Continuous Lateral Bracing (Restraint) A member placed and connected at right angles to a chord or web to prevent buckling. Required on some chords and webs, depending on their length and the forces in the member. Contract Documents The documents, including, but not limited to, plans and specifications, which define the responsibilities of the parties involved in bidding, purchasing, designing, supplying, and installing cold-formed steel framing. Contractor The individual or organization that is contracted to assume full responsibility for the construction of the structure. Cricket A portion of a roof where it is built up for the purpose of draining water towards a desired drainage point. C-Shape A cold-formed steel shape used for structural and nonstructural framing members consisting of a web, two flanges, and two lips (edge stiffeners). The name comes from the member's C-shaped cross-sectional configuration. It is also called a "C-section." Web depth measurements are taken to the outside of the flanges. Flange width measurements also use outside dimensions. Dead Loads Dead loads are the weight of the walls, partitions, framing, floors, ceilings, roofs, and all other permanent construction entering into and becoming a part of a building. Deflection Movement of a structural member, like a truss in place, due to the application of loads. Deflection is usually downward, but trusses may deflect upward or horizontally depending on loads and bearings. Design Load Applied load determined in accordance with either LRFD load combinations or ASD load combinations, whichever is applicable. Design Strength* Resistance factor multiplied by the nominal strength: ϕ x Rn. Design Professional An individual who is registered or licensed to practice his or her respective profession as defined by the statutory requirements of the state in which the project is to be constructed. Design Thickness The steel thickness used in design which is equal to the minimum base metal thickness divided by 0.95. Diaphragm Roof, floor or other membrane or bracing system that transfers in-plane forces to the lateral force resisting system. Double Shear Allowing a force to be distributed through two planes rather than one for increased strength. Double Shear TM Fastener Patented TrusSteel fastener that allows the fabrication of trusses without flipping in the jig. Double shear action of these fasteners add stability to trusses. Drag Strut Typically a horizontal member, such as a truss or beam, which transfers shear from a diaphragm to a shearwall. Eave Overhang The horizontal projection of the roof measured from the outside face of the exterior wall framing to the outside edge of the roof. Epicenter The part of the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake. Flange That portion of a framing member or track that is perpendicular to the web. Factored Load Product of a load factor and the nominal load. Flat Strap Sheet steel cut to a specified width without any bends and typically used for bracing and transferring loads by tension. Flashing Pieces of cold-formed steel that are used to make watertight the openings or the seams in a roof system. Flexural-Torsional Buckling Buckling mode in which a compression member bends and twists simultaneously without change in cross- sectional shape. Floor Joist A horizontal structural framing member that supports floor loads and superimposed vertical loads. Foundation The structural elements through which the load of a structure is transmitted to earth. Gable End A vertical surface formed at the end of a roof ridge down towards the eave. Gauge A unit of measurement traditionally used to describe the nominal thickness of steel. The lower the gauge the greater the thickness. Girt Horizontal structural member that supports wall panels and is primarily subjected to bending under horizontal loads, such as wind load. Grade The finished ground level adjoining the building at exterior walls. Ground Snow Load Measured load on the ground due to snow accumulation developed from a statistical analysis of weather records expected to be exceeded once every 50 years at a given site. Gusset Plate A structural member used to facilitate the connection of truss chord or web members at a heel, ridge, or panel point. Hat-Shape A singly-symmetric shape consisting of at least two vertical webs and a horizontal stiffened flange which is used as a chord member in a truss. ASTM C955 Color Codes for CFS Steel Color mils GA White 33 20 Yellow 43 18 Green 54 16 Orange 68 14 Red 97 12 ENGINEERED BY ALPINE R E F E R E N C E S / R E S O U R C E S